Hamedan, ko Hamadan, ko Himidan (a gargajiyance) ɗaya ne daga cikin garuruwan yammacin ƙasar Iran, yanki mai yawan tsaunuka kuma shi ne cibiyar lardin Hamadan. Za ku iya yin karatu cikin sauƙi a garin Hamedan, ku kasance tare da mu.
Hamedan
Garin Hamedan na a yankin dutsen Alvand wuri mai tudun mita 1,741 daga saman teku kuma ɗaya ne daga cikin garuruwa masu sanyi a ƙasar Iran. Haka kuma garin Hamedan na daga cikin tsoffin garuruwan Iran da na duniya. A shekarar 2006 ne majalisar ƙoli ta musulunci ta bayyana Hamedan a matsayin cibiyar tarihi da wayewa ta Iran a wata takarda da ta fitar. Hamedan ya kasance birnin tarayya na farko na saular Iran. Daɗaɗɗun abubuwan tarihi da aka samu a yankin Hegmetane da wasu rubututtuka na Ganjname sun samo asali ne a zamanin daular Hakhamenshian.
Hakazalika wannan gari ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin biranen tarayya na ƙasar a zamanin daulolin Hakhamenshian, Ashkaniyan, Sasaniyan, Ale Buwayeh, da Seljuk. Kasantuwar tarin cibiyoyin addini da na tarihi da ke cikinsa, Hamedan ɗaya ne daga cikin garuruwan al’adu da shaƙatawa na ƙasar Iran. Ta ɓangaren ilimi kuma akwai jami’o’i irin Jami’ar Bu-Ali Sina, Jami’ar Fasaha ta Hamedan, Jami’ar Azad Hamedan, Jami’ar Payame Noor, da sauran cibiyoyin ilimi a garin. Makwancin Bu-Ali Sina shi ne babban tambarin garin Hamedan, haka kuma tambarin ƙasar Iran ne a ɓangaren al’adu da ilimi na duniya.
Har ila yau, garin Hamedan shi ne garin Iran na 13 a yawan mutane. Akwai wani injiniya ɗan ƙasar Germany mai suna Karl Frisch wanda ya zana wa garin Hameda wani tsari na zamani a shekarar 1921 zuwa 1925. Hukumar kula da garin Hamedan na nan a shataletalen Aramgahe Bu-Ali. Akwai tituna 6 na garin Hamedan da ke jone da wannan shataletalen. Yanzu ana samun cinkoson ababen hawa sosai a tsakiyar garin saboda yawan mutane.
Zirga-Zirga
Filin jirgin Hamedan
Filin jirgin Hamedan na nan a kilomita biyar daga cikin garin Hamedan. A farkon shekarar 2011, jirage 14 ke tashi daga filin jirgin Hamedan zuwa Tehran, Mashhad, Kish, da Syria.
An fara aikin inganta hanyoyin jirgi na filin jirgin Hamedan a watan October na shekarar 2011. Manufar aiwatar da sabbin tsare-tsare a filin jirgin Hamedan shi ne ƙara yawan jiragen Hamedan – Tehran a kowace rana, da kuma samar da jiragen Ahvaz, Bandar Abbas, Shiraz, Tabriz, da kuma samar da jirgin kullum na Mashhad. Haka kuma daga cikin manufofin akwai ƙara yawan jiragen hanyar Hamedan – Kish, buɗe aƙalla kamfani 3 na Hama, Mahan, da Asman a garin Hamedan.
An fara jigilar alhazan ƙasar Iran daga filin jirgin Hamedan ne a shekarar 2013. Aikin ginin filin jirgin ya ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar 2014. An rufe filin jirgin na ɗan wani lokaci dalilin aikin gine-gine da ake yi a ciki, amma daga farkon shekarar 2013 jirage sun ci gaba da tashi zuwa Tehran da Mashhad.
Manyan hanyoyi da sakakkun hanyoyi
Waɗannan su ne hanyoyin da ke kaiwa garin Hamedan:
- Babbar hanyar Tehran – Kermanshah – Khosravi mai tsayin kilomita 375.
- Garin Hamedan na kilomita 343 kan hanyar Tehran – Sanandaj.
- Hamdan na kan Hanyar Tehran – Kermanshah – Ilam.
- Hanyar Sanandaj – Tehran mai tsayin kilomita 182.
- Hanyar Urmia – Kurdistan – Arak – Isfahan (Hamedan na kan hanyar).
- Babbar hanyar Hamedan – Malir mai tsayin kilomita 75.
Hanyoyin Tehran zuwa Hamedan
Hamedan na nan a kilomita 360 daga kudu maso yammacin garin Tehran. Ga Hanyoyi 3 da ke zuwa Hamedan daga Tehran kamar haka.
- Babbar hanyar Tehran – Hamedan wadda ke bi ta cikin garin Qazvin, tana da tsayin kilomita 341. Hanyar na ratsawa ta Gardane Avaj.
- Hanyar Saveh – Hamedan mai hannu biyu wadda ta fi kusa a kan hanyar asali da kusan kilomita 50.
- Hanyar na ratsawa ta Bueen Zahra.
Layin dogo
An fara aikin gina layin jirgin ƙasa na Tehran – Hamedan – Sanandaj a shekarar 2005 wanda tsayinsa daga Tehran zuwa Hamedan kilomita 267 ne, daga Hamedan zuwa Sanandaj kuma kilomita 151. An buɗa layin Tehran – Hamedan ɗin ne a gaban Hassan Rouhani a ranar 6 ga watan May na shekarar 2017.
Tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Hamedan tana da nisan kilomita 12 daga tsakiyar garin Hamedan kuma tana kusa da ƙauyen Robat-e Sheverin. A lokaci guda aka buɗe su tare da layin jirgin ƙasa na Tehran – Hamedan ɗin. Saboda nisan wannan tashar daga cikin gari ne ak yanke shawarar mayar da ita tashar ɗaukar kaya, tare da gina wata tashar jirgin ƙasan a cikin gari.
Tashar fasinja ta Hamedan
Akwai tashoshin mota guda 3 a Hamedan:
Babbar tashar Hamedan da ke Meydane Ashura, tana da girman murabba’in mita 240000. Ana iya zuwa ko’ina faɗin ƙasar daga wannan tashar.
Tashar Akbatan mai girman murabba’in mita 15170 a titin Ekbatan. Ayyukan tashar sun taƙaitu a iya waje lardin Hamedan ne kuma a kowace rana ana jigilar fasinjoji 2500 zuwa 3000 a ciki.
Tashar Safid Abi a titin Badial Zaman Hamedani, mai girman murabba’in mita 14839. Ayyukan wannan tashar ita kuma sun taƙaitu a iya cikin lardin Hamedan kuma a kowace rana fasinjoji 8000 zuwa 10000 ne ake jigila a wannan tashar.
Jami’o’i da manyan cibiyoyin koyarwa
Hamedan na ɗaya daga cikin sansanonin ilimi na ƙasar Iran, garin na ɗauke da jami’o’i irinsu Jami’ar Bu-Ali Sina, Jami’ar fasaha ta Hamedan, Jami’ar Azad, Jami’ar Pyame Noor, da sauransu.
Wuraren shaƙatawa
Wuraren ɗabi’a
Garin Hamedan na da wuraren buɗe ido masu kyau.
- Akwai wasu shahararrun lambuna a Moradbeyg da ke kudancin garin, cikin alƙarya mai suna Morad Beyg.
- Darre Abbas Abad (kilomita 1 wajen gari) Wannan kwari mai ban sha’awa na da yanayi mai daɗi da sanya natsuwa.
- Darre Ganjnameh a kilomita 5 daga cikin garin Hamedan a wani wuri mai tudu, a wurin akwai waterfall da dama na ɗabi’a. Akwai rubututtukan Gajnameh, magangarar ruwa ta Ganjnameh, da wurin bautar wuta na Behram duk a wannan wurin.
- Darre Imamzadeh Kaveh mai nisan kilomita 12 daga kudancin garin Hamedan. Wurin ziyara na Imamzadeh Kaveh mai wata gajeruwar ƙubba, ko da gani irin salon zamanin Ilkhani (ƙarni na takwas) ne.
- Madatsar ruwa (Dam) ta Ekbatan na nan a wani wuri a kan hanyar Hamedan zuwa Malayer kilomita 11 daga Hamedan. Akwai duwatsu da koguna a kewaye da dam ɗin. A kewayen dam ɗin akwai nau’o’in tsirrai daban-daban kusan kala 40, haka kuma ana kiwon kifaye iri daban-daban a wurin. Har ila yau, nan ne matattarar tsuntsaye ƴan cirani. Garin Hamedan ya shahara da suna “Garin Atlasi”.
Wurare da abubuwan tarihi na addini
A garin Hamedan akwai sauran daɗaɗɗun masallatai masu tarihin ɗaruruwan shekaru irin su; babban masallacin Hamedan, masallacin Mirza Taqi, waɗanda su suka fi shahara.
Garin Hamedan na cikin garuruwan da Alawiyawa suka fara yin hijira kuma suka rayu a cikinsu. Garin Hamedan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manya-manyan sansanonin Alawiyawa, tun daga shigar Abul Qasim Batahaei har zuwa lokacin harin Mogol. Wannan ne ya sanya aka samu ƙaburburan ƴaƴa da jikokin Imaman shi’a da yawa a Hamedan, yanzu haka akwai wuraren ziyara na ƴaƴan Imamai a cikin garin. Wurare irin su; Imamzadeh Abdullah, Imamzadeh Kaveh, Imamzadeh Hosein, Imamzadeh Ahl Ebn Ali, Imamzadeh Ismail, Imamzadeh Hadi, Imamzadeh Yahya, Imamzadeh Isa bn Ahmad, da Imamzadeh Khidir.
Daga cikin shahararrun wuraren shan ruwa na garin Hamedan akwai Saqqakhane Hazrat Abol Fazl, Saqqakhane Agha Janibeyg.
Masaukai
Daga cikin hotel hotel na garin Hamedan akwai: Parsian Azadi Hotel (titin Aram), Bu-Ali Hotel (titin Bu-Ali), Baba Taher Hotel (meydan Baba Taher), Yas Hotel (meydane Imam), Hegmataneh Hotel (titin shahid Rajaei), Marmar Hotel (chaharrahe Shari’ati), Aryan Hotel (titin Takhti), Parsiyan Aram Hotel (titin Aram), da Khatam Hotel (meydane Falestin).
Asibitoci da cibiyoyin magani
Asibitin Shahid Beheshti, Asibitin Ekbatan, Asibitin Fatemieh, Asibitin Farshchiyan (Sina), Asibitin Be’esat, Atiyeh Hamedan, Asibitin Bu-Ali, da Asibitin ƙwararru na zuciya na Farshchiyan.
Karatu a Hamedan
Akwai ɗaya daga cikin manyan jami’o’in ƙasar Iran a garin Hamedan. Jami’ar Bu-Ali ɗaya ce daga cikin jami’o’in Iran waɗanda ake ji da su, kuma tana garin Hamedan ne.
Akwai jimillar cibiyoyin koyarwa da jami’o’i 22 a lardin Hamedan. Waɗannan cibiyoyin sun keɓantu da wallafa mujallun ilimi na musamman guda 21 kuma sun wallafa mujallu 538 zuwa yanzu. Lardin Hamedan ya karɓi baƙuncin tarukan ilimi 47, da lakcocin ilimi 163. Masu bincike daga jami’o’in lardin Hamedan sun wallafa maƙala 29124 na ilimi ciki harda maƙalolin taro guda 6005 da na mujalla guda 13120 na tarukan ilimi, da wasu maƙalolin a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. A shekarar 2018, an samu ɗalibai 47,806 masu karatu a jami’o’in lardin Hamedan a ƙarƙashin kulawar malamai 1,583.
