A shekarun baya-bayannan ana ba ma ranking ko martabar jami’o’i muhimmanci sosan gaske a duniya, wannan ya sa muka yi ƙoƙarin kawo muku bayani a kan yadda wannan al’amari na ranking yake. A wannan rubutu za mu yi muku bayani ne game da ranking ɗin jami’o’in ƙasar Iran.
An fara faɗaɗa ranking ne a shekarar 2003 da tsarin ranking na duniya na SHANGHAI kafin a samu ƙarin wasu tsarukan irin su tsarin ranking na QS, ko tsarin TIMES, haka dai abun ya ci gaba da hauhawa.
Kodayake ana samun bambancin raa’ayoyi a kan hanyoyin ranking a tsakanin tsarukan na ranking kuma wasu suna ganin cewa ba za a iya gane asalin martabar jami’o’i ta hanyar tsarukan ranking kaɗai ba. Amma al’umma na son ganin jami’o’in a wani jadawali da ke nuna fifikon matsayinsu bisa la’akari da ingantattun bayanai. Wannan ya sanya al’amarin ranking ya yi tasiri a wajen jan hankalin ɗalibai da shugabannin jami’o’i hatta wurin yin kasafin kuɗi.
Tsarukan ranking na jami’o’i
- Tsarin ranking na Shanghai – ARWU
- Tsarin ranking na Times – THE
- Tsarin ranking na QS – QS
- Tsarin ranking ɗin fitattun jami’o’i na US News
- Tsarin ranking na Reitor
- Tsarin ranking na Leiden – Leiden
- Tsarin ranking bisa la’akari da maƙalolin ilimi, a Taiwan – NTU
- Tsarin ranking ɗin ingancin ayyukan binciken jami’o’i ta hannun hukumar Europe
- Tsarin ranking ɗin jami’o’i naCHE
- Tsarin ranking ɗin jami’o’i na – U-Multirank
- Tsarin ranking na Webometrics – Webometrics
- Tantace ingancin manyan cibiyoyin koyarwa – OECD
- Tsarin ranking na jami’o’in duniyar musulunci – ISC
Waɗannan tsarukan ranking da muka ambato sun ƙunshi duk wani ingantaccen tsarin ranking na duniya. Dukda cewa a kowace ƙasa akwai tsarin da suka fi karkata zuwa gare shi. Yanzu za mu soma muku bayanin waɗansu daga cikin tsarukan, ku kasance tare da mu.
Tsarin ranking na Shanghai – ARWU
Tsarin Shanghai (ARWU) ya fara aiki ne a shekarar 2003 ƙarƙashin wata jami’a a ƙasar China mai suna Jami’ar Shanghai Jiao Tong kuma tun daga lokacin, a kowace shekara tsarin na tantance jami’o’i da manyan cibiyoyin koyarwa na duniya sannan ya kimanta su. Hadafin wannan kimantawar ko ranking shi ne tantance ingancin koyarwa da ayyukan bincike na cibiyoyin.
A kowace shekara jami’o’i da cibiyoyin bincike sama da 2000 ne ake tantancewa a wannan tsarin ta hanyoyi uku (bisa la’akari da duka cibiyoyin, bisa la’akari da keɓantattun fannoni, da kuma bisa la’akari da kwasakwasai) wanda kowane daga cikin hanyoyinnan uku akwai ma’aunan da ake dubawa daban da sauran. Daga ƙarshe kuma a fitar da jami’o’i 1000 na farko a bangaren ranking na duka, a ware guda 200 na farko a ranking na fannoni, sannan a ware 50 zuwa guda 500 na farko a bangaren kwasa-kwasai (yawan jami’o’in da ake warewa ya bambamta a kowane kwas).
Wurare masu muhimmanci da tsarin Shanghai ke tattara bayanai a kan jami’o’i su ne shafin Nobel Prize, shafin Fields Prize, Reuters, shafin Web of Science, da kuma questionnaires waɗanda jami’o’i ke cikewa. Wannan tsarin na tantance jami’o’i ne kawai idan yawan wallafe-wallafensu daga shekarar 2011 zuwa 2015 a shafin “insight” wanda shi ne ke nazarin bayanan shafin “web of science” ya kai maƙala 25 zuwa 200 .
Tsarin na Shanghai bayan wallafa martabar duka jami’o’i bisa la’akari da keɓantattun fannoni (keɓantattun fannoni 52 [fanni 6 na natural science, 4 na biological science, 22 na engineering, 6 na medical science, da kuma guda 14 na social science]), hakazalika tsarin na martaba jami’o’i bisa la’akari da ma’aunai guda biyar.
A kowace shekara jami’o’in ƙasar Iran na samun shiga ɓangarori daban-daban na wannan ranking ɗin; daga ciki akwai Tehran University, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Sharif University of Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Science and Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran University of Medical Sciences, University of Tabriz, da sauransu
Tsarin Ranking na Times
Tsarin martaba jami’o’i da manyan cibiyoyin koyarwa na Times ɗaya ne daga cikin shahararrun tsarukan ranking na duniya. Tsarin ya fara aiki ne tare da haɗin gwiwa da tsarin QS a shekarar 2004. Tsarin Times da QS Sun ci gaba da aiki tare har zuwa shekarar 2010. Tsarin Times ya kawo ƙarshen haɗin gwiwarsa da QS a shekarar 2010 inda ya ƙulla wata yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa da Reuters. A shekarar ta 2010 ne aka kawo sabbin tsare-tsare a wannan tsarin na TIMES, sannan aka sake yi masa wasu sauye-sauye a shekarar 2011.
Tsarin na amfani da ma’aunai 13 a ɓangarori 5 kamar haka:
- Koyarwa: Koyarwa (maki 30)
- Bincike: Yawa, riba, da shahara (maki 30)
- Bayanai: Tasirin bincike (maki 30)
- Kuɗin shiga daga masana’antu: Ƙirƙira (maki 2.5)
- Kima a idon duniya: ma’aikata, ɗalibai da masu bincike (maki 7.5)
A sakamakon da ranking ɗin na TIMES ya fitar na shekarar 2024 akwai jami’o’i 73 daga ƙasar Iran da suka samu shiga ranking ɗin. Jami’o’i irin Sharif University of Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Iran University of Science and Technology, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shiraz University of Technology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, University of Kashan, Isfahan University of Technology, da sauransu…
Tsarin ranking na QS (QS)
Tsarin ranking na “Quacquarelli Symonds” wanda ake rubutawa a gajerce “QS” shi ma wani tsari ne na ranking jami’o’i da manyan cibiyoyin koyarwa a kowace shekara. Tsarin ya fara aiki ne tare da tsarin ranking na TIMES daga shekarar 2004 zuwa 2009 daga baya kuma ya ci gaba da aiki a ƙashin kansa. Saɓanin tsarin TIMES da ya sauya hanyoyin gudanar da ayyukansa bayan sun daina aiki tare da tsarin QS, tsarin na QS ya ci gaba da amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin na farko wanda suke amfani da su kafin su rabu. QS tare da haɗin gwiwar Reuters, sun yi nasarar samar da tsarin ranking wanda ke martaba jami’o’in duniya a zube, da kuma ranking bisa la’akari da kwasa-kwasai daban-daban.
Jami’o’in Iran da suka samu shiga wannan ranking na tsari QS sun haɗa da Sharif University of Technology, University of Tehran, Amirkabir University of Technology, Shiraz University, da Shahid Beheshti University.
Daga ƙarshe
An tantance jami’o’in ƙasar Iran bisa ƙa’idojin da ake da su a ko wane tsarin ranking kuma sun yi taka rawa sosai tare da samun karramawa sau da dama. Haka kuma a kowace shekara suna samun cigaba ta kowane ɓangare.
