Garin Arak ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan garuruwan ƙasar Iran kuma ɗaya daga cikin garuruwa mafi girma na tsakiyar ƙasar. Garin Arak ne babban birnin lardin Markazi. A kowace shekara tawagarmu na cin karo da adadi mai yawa na ɗalibai masu sha’awar karatu a garin Arak. A cigaban rubutumu za mu kawo muku bayanai dangane da wannan gari.
Arak
Ta kudu, garin Arak na kewaye da tsaunukan Sefidkhani, tsaunukan Nazm Abad, tsaunin Sorkh Koh (Kuhe Sorkh), ta yamma kuma akwai tsaunin Mud a zagaye da garin. Duwatsun da ke kewaye da garin sun haɗa da duwatsun markazi da wani ɓangare na duwatsun Zagros.
Kogin Qarekhirz (wanda aka fi sani da busasshen kogi) shi ne kawai kogin da ya ratsa ta cikin garin. Wannan kogin idonsa yana duwatsun Qarekhriz, bayan ya jiƙa ƙasashen da ke kusa da garin, ya yanko ta yammacin garin sannan ya gangara zuwa cikin tafkin Mighan. Kogin yana ƙafewa a lokacin rani. Daga cikin matsalolin da kogin ke fuskanta akwai shigowar najasa daga wasu sassan garin zuwa cikinsa da kuma gurɓatar ruwa.
Akwai koren sarari mai yawa a garin Arak ta yadda kowane mutum zai samu murabba’in mita 22.57 na koren fili, irin wannan ƙiyasin da aka yi na gabaɗayan ƙasar kowane mutum a Iran zai samu murabba’in mita 7.5 na koren fili. Duk da dai yanzu akwai matsalar rashin isasshen ruwa wanda hakan ya haifar wa da waɗannan koren wuraren matsala har ya zama wasunsu sun bushe.
Akwai koren filaye da za su kai kusan hekta 300 bayan wadanda aka samar cikin gari wanda su kuma a jimilla girmansu zai kai kusan hekta 100 waɗanda ake ba ruwa ta hanyar rijiyoyin ruwan da ba na sha ba, da magudanan ruwa na cikin gari. Hakazalika ta yammacin garin akwai koren sarari na Senejan da na Korehrud. Girman duka koren filayen na cikin garin Arak ya kai hekta 1,336 wanda daga ciki akwai lambuna 125. Mafi yawan koren sararin Arak nau’in lambu ne a yankunan Sanjan da Korerood.
Zirga-Zirga
Garin Arak na da filin jirgi na ƙasa da ƙasa guda ɗaya wanda yana daga cikin filayen jirage na farko-farko a ƙasar Iran. Ba mu san takamaimiyar shekarar da aka gina filin jirgin ba amma dai a hukumance an faɗaɗa shi a shekarar 1938, kodayake an kawo jirage a ciki tun kafin wannan lokacin. Har zuwa kafin fara aiwatar da aikin ƙara yawan hanyar jirgi, jiragen cikin gida ne kawai suke amfani da filin jirgin tare da jiragen sojoji, sai matsakaitan jirage da jiragen ɗaukar kaya. Manyan jirage ba za su iya sauka a filin jirgin ba.
A shekarar 2013 ne bayan aiwatar da tsarin faɗaɗa filin jirgin sama na Arak a ɓangarorin tashin jirage da hanyarsu, sannan ne aka samu yiwuwar saukar manyan jirage har da jirage nau’in ‘airbus’ a filin jirgin. Yanzu haka a filin jirgin Arak akwai jirage masu zuwa garuruwan Tehran, Mashhad, da Asaluyeh a kowane sati.
An jima da jonawa garin na Arak layin jirgin ƙasa, garin na kan layin jirgin ƙasa na arewa zuwa kudancin ƙasar Iran. Layin jirgin ƙasa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen cigaban garin ta kowane ɓangare. Yankin da aka ware a ƙarƙashin kulawar tashar jirgin ƙasa ta garin Arak ya fara ne daga tashar Saghe wadda yanki ce a cikin lardin Qom, har zuwa tashar Mumin Abad ta lardin Lorestan ta wani ɓabgaren kuma har zuwa tashar Kermanshah, kodayake ana dab da samarwa lardin Kermanshah da tashar jirgin ƙasa daban.
Garin Arak na da tashar mota guda uku:
- Tashar Payane Markazi: Wadda ke daura da hotel ɗin Amirkabir mai tauraro 5.
- Tashar Payane Farahan: A arewacin garin Arak daura da randabawul na Amirkabir.
- Tashar Payane Ghadir: A kudu maso yammacin garin na Arak daura da Meidane Basij.
An assasa sashen motocin bus na gari a shekarar 1991 kuma tana da layi daban-daban na motocin bus masu yawo cikin gari da unguwannin bayan gari. A shekarar 2013 motocin bus 166 ne su ka yi aikin jigilar mutane a layuka 45. Mota 64 daga ciki da gas suke aiki, sauran 102 kuma da man disel suke aiki. A watanni uku na farkon shekarar 2013, motocin sun yi jigilar kimanin mutane 13,300,059 zuwa wurare daban-daban na cikin garin Arak. Har ila yau an hannunta kula da duka layukan bus zuwa sashe na musamman a ma’aikatar tuƙin bus ta garin Arak.
Wuraren shaƙatawa
Park
Daga cikin wuraren shaƙatawa na garin Arak akwai:
- Amusement Park (Laleh Park)
- Tufan Collection
- Pamchal Amusement Park
Cibiyoyin kasuwanci
Cibiyoyin sayayya na gargajiya
Kasuwar garin (kasuwar Saham Sultan) baya ga salon gini na tarihi irin nata, wuri ne da mutane ke gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci na yau da kullum, bayan ta yi nasarar ajiye matsayinta na tarihi.
Sabbin cibiyoyin kasuwanci
Baya ga tsofaffin cibiyoyin kasuwanci na tarihi akwai na zamani da aka gina a shekarun bayabayannan a garin Arak, daga cikinsu akwai Golestan Shopping Complex, Asman Commercial Complex, Asman Shopping Complex, Pasaj Didar, Pasaj Sadaf, Pasaj Tala, Pasaj Tehrani, Pasaj Sana, da Pasaj Khatam.
Abubuwan Tarihi
- Kasuwar Arak
- Makarantar Sepahdari
- Gidan wanka na Chaharfasl
- Gidan Hassanpour
- Ghal’e Hajvakil
- Karvansarae Shah Abbasi
Wuraren kallo na ɗabi’a
- Tafkin Mighan
- Darre Gerdo
- Takht Sadat
- Sorkh Kuh (dutsen surkhe)
Wuraren addini
Imamzadeh Muhammad Abid (zamanin safavieh), Imamzadeh Abdullah da Aminekhatoun, maƙabartar Agha Nuruddeen Iraqi, tsohuwar maƙabartar Arak, duk waɗannan suna cikin wuraren addini na garin.
Cocin Masrup Moghaddas ɗaya ce daga cikin cocuna biyu na garin Arak wadda aka ginata a zamanin daular Qajar. Sai hubbaren da aka gina a ƙauyen Morad Abad a lokacin daular Saljoughi.
Gidajen tarihi
Daga cikin gidajen tarihin garin Arak awai gidan tarihi na Chaharfasl, na Mufakher, Sultan Abad, gidan tarihi na Anthropology, gidan tarihi na sana’o’in hannu, gidan tarihi na Biodiversity, gidan tarihi na duwatsu da ma’adanai, da kuma gidan tarihi na Amozesh Parvaresh. Hakazalika ana kan gina babban gidan tarihi na garin Arak da gidan tarini na Defa Moghaddas yanzu haka.
Ingantattun jami’o’i
Karatu a Arak
Karatu a garin Arak na da fa’idoji masu yawa ga ɗalibai. Fa’idoji kamar sauƙin farashin rayuwa, karatu a amintattun jami’o’i irin su Arak University of Medical Scienes da University of Arak.
Akwai cibiyoyin jami’o’i da cibiyoyin ilimi guda 38 a lardin Markazi. Jami’o’in wannan lardin sun keɓantu da wallafa mujallolin kimiyya na musamman guda 30, zuwa yanzu sun wallafa jimillar mujallu 253. Lardin Markazi ya karɓi baƙuncin tarukan kimiyya 50 zuwa yanzu. Hakazalika researchers na jami’o’in lardin sun wallafa maƙalolin ilimi guda 39631 wanda guda 7356 daga ciki na mujalla ne, 22397 kuma na tarukan cikin gida, 7356 kuma na ƙasa da ƙasa. A shekarar 2018 an samu jimillar ɗalibai 47,508 masu karatu a cikin jami’o’in lardin tare da malamai da ma’aikatan tsangayar ilimi 2,128.
